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 | موضوع: pollution  الثلاثاء يونيو 28, 2011 11:51 pm | |
| - Air pollution:
Air is all mixed gas that fills the
Earth's atmosphere including water vapor, consisting mainly of gaseous
nitrogen rate of 78.084% and Aloksgenn 20.946%, and no addition of
carbon dioxide per 0.033% water vapor, and some inert gases and the
importance of oxygen from the cycle of the great breathing organisms
can not live without it enters in the composition of living cells by a
quarter of all atoms involved in the installation.
In order to
balance the environment, and continues to decrease oxygen wants the
wisdom of God that the plants to compensate this loss through the
process of photosynthesis, where it reacts water with carbon dioxide in
the presence of light energy absorbed by the plant by chlorophyll green
so it was the wisdom of God effect wonderful great Without plants we
could not have lived after running out of oxygen in respiration and
combustion, in the presence of any living creature on land or at sea, if
that aquatic plants are also in the process of photosynthesis, and
provide water of oxygen that dissolves them and needed to breathe all
marine organisms.
(This is the creation of What God who created
from Him, but wrong in manifest error) to mislead - AT 11
All
modern people have come and destroyed the forests, and challenged El
Omrane on the lawns, and began to factories to receive massive amounts
of smoke in the sky, and all this the worst effects alleged air and on
the balance of the environment, and if we turned to the numbers we
infer, he would scare inflation pollution, injected CO The percentage
volumetric has about 0.029% at the end of the last century, has risen to
0.033% in 1970 and is expected to reach more than 0.038% in 2000, but
this increase is very bad effects on the ecological balance.
The definition of air pollution:
Is the presence of any solids,
liquid or gaseous air quantities lead to damage physiological and
economic vitality of humans, animals, plants, machinery and equipment,
or influence the nature of things and an estimated loss to the world
annually by about 5000 million, due to the impact of air, crops and
agricultural plants.
Air pollution is one of the worst air
pollutants, and the more the number of the population in the
contaminated area.
Throughout history and punish the ages did
not hand over the air from pollution to enter the exotic materials by
Kalgazat and steam that was rising from the craters, or result from the
burning of forests, Kalaterpp and micro-organisms that cause disease,
but it was not quantity, which does not have evil consequences, but at
Expand Rights to Itvadah or even tolerate, but the problem has emerged
with industrialization and the spread of the industrial revolution in
the world, and with the alarming increase in population, the increasing
number and means of transportation and development, and its dependence
on vehicles resulting from the distillation of petroleum as fuel, and
perhaps the car is the worst causes of pollution air, although it is a
necessity of modern life, they emit large amounts of gases that pollute
the air, a gas poisonous carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and ozone.
Methods of air pollution:
First: The solid materials were
outstanding: the smoke, and exhaust Alsarat, dust, pollen, dust and
cotton, and cement dust, dust and pesticides.
Second: The
articles of gas or toxic fumes and severe, such as chlorine, carbon
monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone.
Third: The
bacteria and germs, and mold resulting from the decomposition of dead
plants and animals and waste body parts.
Fourth: Atomic
radiation of natural and industrial:.
Showed that contamination
with the beginning of the use of corn in various fields of life,
especially in the areas: military, industrial, and perhaps all still
remember the uproar the massive due to bubble famous in one of the
atomic reactors, state (Pennsylvania), USA, and the explosion of atomic
bombs on ( Nagasaki and Hiroshima) during World War II so long ago,
what is still the effects of pollution to this day, still the image of
the maimed and injured memorable and, being usually occur between, has
emerged since then that the types and kinds of pollutants, for example, a
strontium 90, which results from nuclear explosions exists almost
everywhere, increasing quantity with the increase in nuclear testing,
which is falling on the trees and pasture, flies to sheep and cattle
into humans it affects the productivity of milk cows and livestock and
damage bone, causing many diseases and dangerous nuclear explosions lie
in the fallout, which emanates from the bombing sites Atomic which
falls by gravity, or by rain Velot everything and destroy everything.
In light of this, or can decide to interpret the suffering that some
people may resolve the Prophet Lot peace be upon him that, because the
rain is contaminated with radioactive materials, not so long ago The
land contains some radioactive rock such as Alapthiblnd These rocks are
located thousands of years,
Fifth: pollution-mail:
Is
the latest trend in pollution, which results in areas in which they
produce on electronic devices starting from the bell electrical and
radio and television, and the end of the satellite, which is full of
space around us, radio waves and electromagnetic waves, etc. and these
areas affect the nerve cells of the human brain, and perhaps the source
for some cases of non-equilibrium, chronic headaches, which fail
medical devices clinical in diagnosis, and perhaps changes in the
climate these days, as we see the days with high temperature in the
winter, and days too cold in the summer, probably all due to
pollution-mail in the air around us, especially after the spread of
thousands of satellites around the Earth.
The impact of air
pollution on land and sea:
Reflected the greatness of God and
his kindness towards His slaves in this elegant design of the universe,
and that balance where it is, but man intervening asshole spoil this
balance, in the area in which they live, and this was what it saw as the
angels when God created Adam - the Almighty said: (which is created for
you Mafi earth together, and then willed to the heaven and fashioned
seven heavens, everything Knowing. thy Lord said to the angels: I will
create in the land-Khalifa said not making their mischief therein and
shed blood, while we praise Thy praise and sanctify You said I know what
You know) Sura ethane 29.30.
Found that the adverse effects of
pollution on plants and animals and humans and soil, we will discuss
the impact of air pollution:
Health: Increasing the toxic gases
to diseases of the respiratory tract and eyes, and that higher
concentration of some chemical compounds Koboukrp amines organic cause
some types of cancer, and other gases such as oxides of nitrogen adverse
effects on the nervous system, as well as the atomic radiation occurs
congenital malformations inherited, if not cause of death.
Material: lead Alai follows:
The presence of dust and fog to the
non-visibility means of ground and air.
Corrosion and erosion of
equipment and buildings, which affect the useful life, and in that great
loss.
Pollution, solid material reserves a large part of the sun's
rays, leading to increased industrial lighting.
Animals: causes
fluorides Arja and Xaha in the structures of cattle bone in the areas
falling, fluorides, or absorbed by green plants n and the salts of lead
that comes out with the exhaust gases caused Tessema for cattle, sheep
and horses, as well as the sulfur dioxide, a partner in livestock.
The flying insects, they can not live in urban air polluter, and you may
imagine also what is the inevitable fate of birds that depend for their
food to these insects, for example, extinct species of birds had been
living in the sky of the city of London for nearly 80 years, because of
air pollution may spent on flying insects that had fed them.
On plants: suffocate plants in the air, pure and soon die, and air
pollution with dust, fog, smoke and soot leads to reduction of the
amount of sunlight that reaches the earth, and affect plant growth and
the maturity of the crop, reduces photosynthesis in terms of efficiency
, falling flowers some fruits Ka orange and most of the evergreen
trees, falling leaves and shrubs as a result of the misuse of
pesticides, invasive species, and an example of plants that are affected
by pollution, garden crops and cut flowers, alfalfa, grain, tobacco,
lettuce, ornamental trees, Ksro and Gazurina, lime and .
On
climate: cause of ionizing radiation and nuclear explosions to major
changes in the natural cycle of life on Earth, and some gases from the
exhausts of factories Their presence cracking in the ozone layer that
surrounds the land, which he said the Quran: (And We made the sky yet
they turn for verses are exposed).
The breaking of the ozone layer
allows the gases of cosmic particles and alien to enter Earth's
atmosphere, and spoke of big changes, too, the presence of fog and smoke
and dust in the air leads to reduction of the amount of radiation light
reaching the earth's surface, light rays that reach the surface of
this, absorb and re-radiation back to the atmosphere as energy calories
If we add to this kinetic energy, which seep into the air as a result
of the burning of fuel oil, coal, timber, etc., we will find that we
gradually increase the heat, and who knows, if the growing rise in
temperature the atmosphere may lead to melting glaciers located him in
the poles and flooding the floor with water, and perhaps Zlkma refers to
verse number 3 in Al-Cleaving: (If the seas are poured forth). He told
interpreters that the bombing of the Sea is the contamination of its
water maxims, and that it can happen if the glaciers melted ice in the
Arctic and Antarctic.
2 - Water pollution
The first and most serious problem:
Water pollution is one of
the first topics that interest by scientists and specialists in the
field of pollution, and it is not surprising (that the size of the
studies on this subject is larger than the size of those on the other
branches of pollution.
Perhaps the secret of this is due to two
reasons:
I: the importance of water and Dharorith, it is
included in all biological processes and industry, and can not be any
living organism - in whatever form or kind or size - to live without
him, Organisms need to live, and plants are also needed in order to
grow, (proved Cell Biology that water is an important component in the
synthesis of the cell, a unit of construction in all living plant he or
animal, and proved biochemistry that water is necessary for the
occurrence of all interactions and transitions that occur within the
bodies of living, is either the central or a catalyst or in the
interaction or the result of it, and proved physiology that water is
essential for each member functions without which are not available to
him aspects of life and its components).
All this even with the
verse which declares openly about the creativity of the Creator that
was necessary to make water every living thing, he says (and made from
water every living thing do you not believe) of the Prophets / 30.
II: the water occupy the largest space in the biosphere, which is more
material found by the individual, because of anointing the body of water
about 70.8% of the Earth's surface, leading some scientists to call the
name of (the ball of water) on the ground instead of from the Earth .
The water is about (60-70% of the affluent suburb objects including
human, and is about 90% of the minimum living objects) and therefore
lead to contamination of water damage is very serious threat to living,
and upset the ecological balance, which will have a meaning it will not
be valuable if they are truly the properties of its main component is
water.
Sources of water pollution:
Contaminated water each Maevsd properties or alter the nature, meaning
the pollution of water is desecrated streams and water wells, rivers and
seas, rain and groundwater, making its water unfit for humans or
animals or plants or objects that live in the seas and oceans, and
contaminated water by the human manure and plant, animal and industrial
that receive it or are in the branches, and contaminated groundwater
due to leakage of sewage from it, including bacteria, contaminated with
chemical dyes, and the most important water contaminants, the following:
Contaminated rainwater:
Contaminated rain water -
especially in industrial areas because it gathered during its fall from
the sky all the pollutants in the air, which most notably nitrogen
oxides and sulfur oxides and mold, it is worth mentioning that the
contamination of rainwater a new phenomenon has developed with the
spread of industrialization, and dumping large amounts of waste gases
and dust in the air or water, in the past did not know this type of
human pollution, and that I have this?
It was the Grace of
Allah to his servants and mercy and kindness to them that the water is
rain that falls from the sky, download free of impurities, and to be
very purity and purity when you start to configure, Water remains clean
until it reaches the surface of the earth, and Allah says in the holy
book before he be sure of modern science: (a Who sends the winds as
heralds of His mercy and send down from the sky pure water) Criterion
48.
He also said:
(As drowsiness Igshekm secure it and
you download the sky water to purify it and go on your abomination of
Satan, to strengthen your hearts, and prove its foot) Anfal 11
If rainwater was pure when you start to configure the time the case is
impossible, so a person says, and so is made, we have filled the air a
lot of solid waste and gaseous Nfettha factory chimneys and engines in
machines, cars, and these pollutants dissolved in rain and dripping with
snow Vtemtsa the soil to add this As new contaminants to the existing
soil, and absorb plant toxins in all its parts, if for human consumption
or animal of these plants led to the poisoning (to taste some of what
they learned that they may return) 41 Roman
The fall of water
contaminated rain on water bodies Kmahitat, seas, rivers and lakes lead
to contamination of these bodies and to the poisoning of marine
organisms and fish in them, and move the poison into a human if you deal
with these contaminated fish, and so are sea birds that depend for
their food for fish.
It is a slow suicide, make it
comprehensive and some of the humans, and the rest in the absence of
what is happening around him, even if the pollution has reached current
horizons and N. Mark, but after it had died prematurely.
Sewage:
Is contaminated with soap, detergents, and some types of
bacteria and harmful microbes, and when you move the sewage into rivers
and lakes that may lead to pollution as well.
Industrial Waste:
They include the remnants of food factories, chemical and
synthetic fibers, which lead to water pollution, bacteria, fat, blood,
acid and alkali, dyes, oil and petroleum compounds, chemicals and toxic
salts, arsenic, mercury salts, and salts of heavy metals such as lead
and cadmium.
Nuclear reactors:
They cause heat pollution
of the water that might adversely affect the environment and life, with
the possibility of radioactive contamination of subsequent generations
of humans and the rest of her life with the possibility of radioactive
contamination of subsequent generations of humans and other organisms.
Insecticides:
Which are sprayed on crops or used for weeding,
Vinsab with each water exchange banks, as well as contaminated water
canals and channels that wash spray equipment and machinery, resulting
in the killing of fish and marine organisms and lead to the death of
livestock and animals that drink from the canal water and canals
contaminated with pesticides, and perhaps the tragedy that occurred in
Iraq in 1971 -1972 m or Dh evidence when it was using some kind of
pesticides containing mercury, which led to about 6000 people to
hospitals, of whom 500 died.
Pollution resulting from oil spill
to the waters of the sea and terminals:
It is either a result of
drowning and tankers that are repeated annually, or as a result of these
carriers operations, cleaning and washing tanks and dumping of
contaminated wash water in the sea.
One of the reasons
sea-water pollution is also oil, oil flow during search operations and
exploration, as happened in the shores of Qalevurniaaa United States of
America in the late sixties, and it results in a slick large extent
length eight hundred miles over the waters of the Pacific, led to
countless deaths of seabirds and dolphins, fish and marine organisms as
a result of pollution.
Thus we saw how the back of corruption
in the land and sea because of what people's hands, and dangerous, major
water pollution lies in the drinking water, and Unfortunately, there
are some rivers no longer suitable for this purpose, such as the Ruhr
River in Germany, and that the dumping of sewage in the course of rivers
without treatment leads to change the color of the water, and to the
growth of algae and aquatic plants are dense, which affects the
navigation and on the speed of the current addition, the stagnant water,
a center ground for the growth and reproduction of parasites that cause
diseases such as cholera, schistosomiasis, typhoid fever, dysentery and
other diseases, and if we do we think about the meaning : (such as the
Commission promised the righteous with rivers of water is putrid and
rivers of milk has not changed taste and rivers of wine delicious to the
drinkers, and rivers of honey in a refinery and they have of every kind
of fruit and forgiveness from their Lord like him who is Khalid fire
and irrigated water close and cut off their stomachs) Al-Muhammad's
mandate 15.
And found that the verse (draws attention to the
bilge water stagnant variable water harmful, has decided to verse before
detection binoculars "microscope" Several centuries it was found that
the stagnant water, changing repository of millions of harmful bacteria
and other parasites that infect humans and cattle, damaged various ).
3 - pollution of land:
Contaminated surface
as a result of accumulation of materials and solid waste produced from
the factories and farms, clubs, homes and streets and obeyed, and also
contaminated farm waste Koawad crops dry and the ashes of fire.
Insecticides:
Which the best known DDT. D. T., and despite the
fact that these pesticides benefit in the fight against harmful
insects, but they also have a fatal effect on the bacteria in the soil,
which analyzes the organic matter into compounds simple chemical
absorbed by the plant, and therefore less soil fertility over time with
the continued use of pesticides, and this great calamity, especially if
Odvaa to the immunity that insects due to the use of pesticides,
leading to the presence of strong insecticide will be devastating if any
green plants attacked or raided.
The DDT. D. T. seep into the
human body through food, which he gets from plants and vegetables and
focus of the pesticide in the fatty layers to the human body which, if
tried to get rid of them led to the poisoning of this pesticide, and is
concentrated seriousness of DDT. D. T. survival agricultural soil for a
long period of time without decay, and this increased shouts and
appeals in recent should not use this article as a pesticide.
It is regrettable that recent trends in pest control to resort to the
use of chemicals, and make matters worse, the use of aircraft in
spraying of forests and vegetation and agricultural crops. That does
not lead to falling leaves and flowers and herbs, but also lead to
contamination of grains, fruits, vegetables, soil, and this may lead to
two types of pollution:
I: direct and pollution resulting from
direct human use of grains and fruits contaminated.
II:
Pollution indirectly and this has various forms and multiple routes.
It is either the injured rights of the handling of poultry meat, which
gets its food from the captured insect contaminated, where many of these
pesticides to birds and accumulate within and focus more with the
increase in eating these birds to insects, if dealt with human Sama
slow, leading to death as the accumulation of increased quantity and an
evil kind .
It is either to be infected as a result of his
handling of the meat of animals that feed on contaminated plants.
Can also be infected as a result of the fall of these pesticides in soil
and plants absorb it, and their entry into the building the same plant
cells.
Among the most famous of pesticides that are harmful to
human health that contain mercury compounds has been called the disease
caused by mercury poisoning disease (Alimamata) in relation to the Bay
Area (Minamata), Japan, and by the afternoon of this disease for the
first time in 1953, as a result of contamination of the water used to
irrigate Residues of agricultural land contain toxic mercury compounds
resulting from a factory, even if in small quantities on the human body
where the muscles loosen and damage the brain and other organs of the
body, lose their eye sight, and may lead to death also affect the fetus
in the womb of his mother. Is it after this corruption? It is
disturbing that the advocates of progress and development believe that
the use of chemical pesticides and insecticides to help protect plants
from the risk of insects and fungi that attack it. And that it thereby
increasing production and repair in the ground.
(If they were
told not mischief in the earth, they say we are reformers. They are not
spoilers, but do not feel).
Chemical Fertilizers:
It
is known that fertilizers used in agriculture is divided into two types:
Organic fertilizers:
Are those resulting from the
remnants of animals and birds and humans, and what is known
scientifically that these fertilizers increase the capacity of the soil
water retention.
Inorganic fertilizers:
A man-made
chemical compounds that may lead to pollution of the soil although the
purpose is to increase the production of agricultural land, and have
found interested in agriculture in Britain to increase the yield per
acre in recent years does not increase despite the large increase in the
use of chemical fertilizers leads to cover the soil is not porous
layer during heavy rains, while less likely to be a class in the case of
organic fertilizers | |
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